What are the lengthwise fibers in fabric known as?

The lengthwise fibers in fabric are referred to as warp. In the weaving process, the warp threads are those that run parallel to the selvage (the finished edge) of the fabric. These threads provide the structure and strength of the fabric, as they are typically under greater tension during the weaving process. The weft, on the other hand, runs perpendicular to the warp and is woven over and under the warp threads, creating the overall fabric.

Understanding the role of warp is crucial in textiles, as different weaving techniques and patterns are influenced by how warp and weft threads interact. In contrast, woven thread refers more generally to any threads that are woven together, while yarn signifies the material (typically made from fibers) that is spun into thread for weaving or knitting. Recognizing the specific terminology in fabric construction helps in understanding fabric characteristics and behaviors in apparel and accessories marketing.