What is the process that gives fabric a shiny appearance by making the surface flatter and smoother?

The process that provides fabric with a shiny appearance by creating a flatter and smoother surface is known as calendaring. Calendaring involves passing the fabric through heated rollers, which compress the fibers and give the fabric a glossy finish. This technique not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of the fabric but also improves its overall texture, making it more attractive for various apparel and accessory applications.

Finishing, while related, encompasses a broader range of processes aimed at enhancing the fabric's properties, but it does not specifically refer to the smoothing and shining of the surface like calendaring does. Coating typically involves applying a layer of material to the fabric, which can change its water-resistance or durability, but it doesn't inherently create a shiny surface. Glazing is often confused with calendaring; however, it typically refers to the application of a coating or finish that provides luster, which is not the same as the mechanical process of flattening and smoothing the fabric through rollers.